My doctors, who diagnosed me with cholelithiasis (gallbladder stones) / cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation) as a result of examinations and tests, recommended cholecystectomy for my treatment. During this surgery, it was said that my gallbladder would be removed along with the stones in it. They told me that there is no treatment option other than surgery and the problems that may develop if I do not receive treatment. It was explained that this surgery will be done by………………………………………. and the process would take ……………….. hours/minutes. The following risks and possible dangers related to this surgery were explained to me:
1. As with any surgery, complications of anesthesia (unexpected situation) may occur. The type of anesthesia to be applied in the surgery and its complications will be explained by the anesthesia clinic team.
2. The shape and size of the surgical incision are determined appropriately by the surgical team
3. Antibiotics can be administered against possible infections, but it is medically impossible for this application to reduce the risk of infection to zero. These infections can develop in the wound, lungs and respiratory tract, urinary tract. In some cases, they may require reoperation or various surgical interventions. Despite intervention and antibiotic treatment, there is a risk that the infection will spread and cause death.
4. Clots that may form in the deep vein system during and after the surgery may break off from there and cause vascular occlusion in various organs, especially in the lungs. In order to prevent this situation, measures will be taken according to the risk group. However, a method that will eliminate this risk 100% is not yet known in medicine. This is a very serious condition and there is a risk of death.
5. There may be internal or external bleeding during or after the operation. Accordingly, the patient may need to be given blood and blood products. This increases the risk of blood-borne diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS. Transplantation of blood and blood products has its own risks of complications and death.
6. Due to bleeding, it may be necessary to re-operate the patient in the postoperative period for bleeding control.
7. After surgery, there may be bile leakage from the liver bed of the gallbladder or the ligated gallbladder bile duct, leading to peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum) and/or fistulas (leakage of bile from the abdomen to the skin). This situation can be life-threatening, require reoperation, require intensive care treatment and may result in death.
8. ERCP (endoscopic interventions) may be required due to bile leakage and jaundice that may develop after surgery
9. Jaundice, cholangitis (inflammation of the bile ducts) and pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) may develop as a result of the stones in the gallbladder falling into the bile duct while removing the gallbladder. During surgery, the main bile duct, where the gallbladder duct is opened, can be tied or cut. Depending on this, jaundice may develop, which can be life-threatening, may require additional interventions or reoperation, require intensive care treatment, and may result in death. In this case, bile duct stenosis may develop.
10. During the operation, the sac is punctured and stones and bile can be poured into the abdominal cavity, which may lead to intra-abdominal abscesses in the future.
11. After the surgery, the intestines may work late and the patient’s initiation of oral feeding may be delayed. Depending on the removal of the gallbladder, complaints such as indigestion and bloating may occur after surgery. This may lead to intra-abdominal abscesses in the future.
12. During the surgery, organ injuries such as liver, duodenum (duodenum), small intestine, large intestine, main vessels, bladder may be injured and additional interventions may be required and may result in death.
13. After the operation, there may be separation of the surgical wound on the abdominal wall and re-operation may be required to close it. Even if there is no healing problem in the beginning, a hernia may develop at the incision site in the following years and may require surgery.
14. In the early period or sometimes years later, intestinal obstruction may develop between the intestines or due to adhesions between the intestines and the abdominal wall. This may require reoperation.
15. If the surgery is planned and completed laparoscopically, some other diseases outside the camera field of view may not be seen.
16. Even if the surgery is planned and started laparoscopically, it may not be completed laparoscopically and open surgery can be performed with a probability of 3 to 5%. In the presence of emergency and inflammatory conditions, the rate of conversion to open is higher.
17. Secondary surgical interventions may be required if a malignant tumor is found in the examination of the tissue removed during surgery in the pathology laboratory.
18. If a malignant tumor is detected in the removed tissue, it may be decided that it would be beneficial to apply some additional treatments such as radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, as they may reduce the possibility of regional recurrence and distant spread of the disease. If the patient accepts the application of these additional treatments, the possible complications and risks related to these treatments are the responsibility of the practitioner radiation oncology and medical oncology teams, and extensive information about these will be given by the relevant branch physicians before the treatment.
19. In case of additional disease or drug use, necessary measures are taken to ensure the safety of surgery. Despite this, unexpected situations may occur during and after the surgery.
(Only for female patients) If I am pregnant, I have been informed that my unborn child carries a risk during examination/medical intervention/treatment/surgery and anesthesia procedures, primarily radiological procedures. I do not have a missed period or pregnancy.
PATIENT’S CONSENT
I was given the above detailed information about my disease and the planned intervention, and the possible complications and risks were fully explained. I was informed that if these develop, treatments, including surgery, may be required, but in some cases, complete cure or recovery cannot be achieved. I accept the implementation of the above-mentioned intervention and other additional interventions that may be required as a medical necessity during the intervention.
to this section;
The statement “I READ, I UNDERSTOOD, I GOT A COPY” written in the patient’s or Legal Representative’s own handwriting will be written..……………………………………………………………………………………..……………………
TO BE FILLED BY THE PATIENT:
Date of Consent:……………………………
Time :………………………………………………
Signature:…………………………………………………………………………………………
Patient’s (guardian or guardian for restricted and minors) Name and surname:……………………………
TO BE FILLED BY THE DOCTOR INFORMING THE PATIENT AND TAKING THE PATIENT’S CONSENT:
Title, Name and Surname of the Physician Receiving Consent:…………………………………………………..
Signature:……………………………………………………………………………………………
TAKING MEDICAL INTERVENTION
Name Surname Title:……………………………………………………………………..
Signature:……………………………………………………………………………………